Newly Invented Matters (in Religion)

Question:

What are "newly invented matters" and what is the meaning of this?

Answer:

This comes from the statement of the Prophet:
"Beware of newly invented matters".

This refers to every innovation people do in the religion of Islam, whether that innovation is in belief or worship etc. All of which is neither from the Book (of Allah) nor an established Sunnah from the Messenger of Allah. Yet they take these things as religious practice and beliefs, worshipping Allah with them, claiming that that they are lawful when they are not.

On the contrary, such acts are prohibited innovations. Examples include calling upon the righteous, be they dead or the living who are not present. This includes taking graves as places of worship, making Tawaf around them, and seeking help from their inhabitants, in the belief that they can intercede for them with Allah, or lobby Him on their behalf in order to have their requests granted or to relieve them of their troubles. Honoring the birthdays of Prophets and righteous people as holidays and celebrating on them. They perform deeds they claim will bring them closer to Allah - especially on the day or the night of the birthday or even in that month. There are many other such things, too numerous to mention, be they innovations or superstitions for which Allah has revealed no sanction and which have not been confirmed by the Sunnah of Allah's Messenger. Thus, it is clear from what we have said that some of these newly invented matters are Shirk, like seeking help from the dead and swearing oaths to them. Others are simply innovations and do not reach the level of Shirk, such as building over graves and making places of worship over them, so long as excess therein does not lead to actions which would be considered Shirk.

Source:
Fatawa Islamiyah, Vol. 1 Pages 110-111